Citing IMGT dynamic tools: Sanou G., Zeitoun G. et al. IMGT® at scale: FAIR, Dynamic and Automated Tools for Immune Locus Analysis, Nucleic Acids Research. 2025;,gkaf1024. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkaf1024 (Free Article) PMID: 41091930.
Program version: v. 

Add information about removed genes/alleles.
May 15th, 2025.

Add the possibility to obtain a gene table per strain (for mouse now and for other species later) and allotypes/isotypes for human.
September 25th, 2024.

Bibliographical references in alphabetic order, small design changes and addition of "NL" for non-localized gene.
June 14th, 2024.

Addition of 'Score for IMGT allele confirmation' as well as NCBI TPA accession numbers.
September 20th, 2023.

Implementation of the dynamic gene table.

Gene table legend:

"+" or "-" indicates if the gene sequences have been found (+) or not been found (-) rearranged (R), transcribed (T) and/or translated into protein (Pr). Arbitrarily that information is shown on the first line of each gene, when the data have been confirmed by several studies.

Functionality is shown in parentheses, (F) and (P), when the accession number refers to rearranged genomic DNA or cDNA and the corresponding germline gene has not yet been isolated.

IMGT allele confirmation: A scoring system is employed to indicate the number of IMGT/LIGM-DB reference sequences and other sequences from the literature in which an IG or TR gene allele has been identified and annotated.

Removed genes/alleles
If a gene/allele existence or name has to be changed, the old name or gene/allele would be deleted and its name won't be reused. They are kept in the gene table for historical reasons.
A single star ()
indicates that an IG or TR gene allele is annotated in the reference sequence only.
Two stars ()
indicate that an IG or TR gene allele is annotated in its reference sequence and in one sequence from the literature.
Three stars ()
indicate that an IG or TR gene allele is annotated in its reference sequence and in at least two sequences from the literature.
In the Excel file, the stars are represented by the plus symbol (+).

Click on:
  • IMGT gene name to get the corresponding IMGT/GENE-DB entry (link).
  • IMGT allele name to see the corresponding Alignments of alleles (link).
  • Accession number to get the corresponding IMGT/LIGM-DB entry (link).
  • MAP: mapped sequences. Click to access GENE-DB «LOCALIZATION IN GENOME ASSEMBLIES» (link).
  • [number] to access the corresponding IMGT reference (popover).
  • (number) to see the corresponding IMGT note (popover).
Options:
  • You can show/hide columns (), download data () or put the table in fullscreen () using buttons.
See also (IMGT Scientific chart):
Select a species and a IMGT group to get the gene table:
Only IMGT available species/group are shown in the drop-down list.
The gene table can take several seconds to appear, please be patient.
Gene table of Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) TRBV IMGT group:
IMGT sub­groupIMGT gene nameIMGT allele nameScore for
IMGT allele
confirmation		FctChromosomosal
localization		R T PrIMGT/LIGM-DB reference sequencesIMGT/LIGM-DB sequences from the literature
Clone namesIsolateAccession
numbers		Positions
in the sequence
(L-V-GENE-UNIT)
or V-REGION (*)		Secondary
accession
numbers		Clone namesIsolateAccession
numbers		Positions
in the sequence
(L-V-GENE-UNIT)
or V-REGION (*)
TRBV1TRBV1-1 TRBV1-1*01 P (1) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 9835-10323 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 9835-10323
TRBV1TRBV1-2 TRBV1-2*01 P (2) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 29145-29631 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 29147-29633
TRBV1TRBV1-3 TRBV1-3*01 P (3) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 49423-49914 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 49461-49952
TRBV1TRBV1-4 TRBV1-4*01 P (4) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 55260-55751 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 55295-55786
TRBV2TRBV2-1 TRBV2-1*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 11737-12207
TRBV2TRBV2-1 TRBV2-1*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 11741-12211
TRBV2TRBV2-2 TRBV2-2*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 31141-31615 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 31169-31643
TRBV2TRBV2-3 TRBV2-3*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 51314-51788 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 51347-51821
TRBV2TRBV2-4 TRBV2-4*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 57125-57598
TRBV2TRBV2-4 TRBV2-4*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 57159-57632
TRBV3TRBV3-1 TRBV3-1*01 F (5) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 19341-19838
TRBV3TRBV3-1 TRBV3-1*02 F (5) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 19344-19841
TRBV3TRBV3-2 TRBV3-2*01 F (5) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 38772-39270
TRBV3TRBV3-2 TRBV3-2*02 F (5) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 38801-39299
TRBV3TRBV3-3 TRBV3-3*01 P (6) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 63584-64081
TRBV3TRBV3-3 TRBV3-3*02 P (6) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 63618-64115
TRBV4TRBV4-1 TRBV4-1*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 22826-23317
TRBV4TRBV4-1 TRBV4-1*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 22829-23320
TRBV4TRBV4-2 TRBV4-2*01 P (7) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 43387-43878
TRBV4TRBV4-2 TRBV4-2*02 P (7) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 43423-43914
TRBV4TRBV4-3 TRBV4-3*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 68088-68580
TRBV4TRBV4-3 TRBV4-3*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 68120-68612
TRBV4TRBV4-4 TRBV4-4*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 149478-149971 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 149358-149851
TRBV5TRBV5-1 TRBV5-1*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 75971-76479
TRBV5TRBV5-1 TRBV5-1*02 P (8) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 75999-76505
TRBV5TRBV5-2 TRBV5-2*01 P (9) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 181264-181742
TRBV5TRBV5-2 TRBV5-2*02 P (9) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 181117-181595
TRBV5TRBV5-3 TRBV5-3*01 ORF (10) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 198331-198836
TRBV5TRBV5-3 TRBV5-3*02 ORF (10) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 198180-198685
TRBV5TRBV5-4 TRBV5-4*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 268062-268565 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] P (41) 275720-276223
TRBV5TRBV5-5 TRBV5-5*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 287476-287981
TRBV5TRBV5-5 TRBV5-5*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 295126-295631
TRBV5TRBV5-5-1 TRBV5-5-1*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 306928-307433
TRBV5TRBV5-5-1 TRBV5-5-1*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 314584-315089
TRBV5TRBV5-5-2 TRBV5-5-2*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 324395-324899
TRBV5TRBV5-5-2 TRBV5-5-2*02 P (11) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 332050-332555
TRBV5TRBV5-6 TRBV5-6*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 344390-344895
TRBV5TRBV5-6 TRBV5-6*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 352041-352546
TRBV5TRBV5-7 TRBV5-7*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 364235-364739
TRBV5TRBV5-7 TRBV5-7*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 371904-372406
TRBV6TRBV6-1 TRBV6-1*01 ORF (12) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 133330-133801 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 133213-133684
TRBV6TRBV6-4 TRBV6-4*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 157630-158101
TRBV6TRBV6-4 TRBV6-4*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 157508-157979
TRBV6TRBV6-5 TRBV6-5*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 189613-190086 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 189470-189943
TRBV6TRBV6-6 TRBV6-6*01 ORF (13) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 255807-256281
TRBV6TRBV6-6 TRBV6-6*02 P (14) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 263483-263957
TRBV6TRBV6-7 TRBV6-7*01 P (15) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 273394-273869
TRBV6TRBV6-7 TRBV6-7*02 P (15) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 281052-281527
TRBV6TRBV6-8 TRBV6-8*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 293962-294433 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 301611-302082
TRBV6TRBV6-8-1 TRBV6-8-1*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 312234-312705 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 319886-320357
TRBV6TRBV6-8-2 TRBV6-8-2*01 F (16) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 331741-332212
TRBV6TRBV6-8-2 TRBV6-8-2*02 P (16) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 339401-339872
TRBV6TRBV6-9 TRBV6-9*01 ORF (12) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 351715-352186 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 359364-359835
TRBV7TRBV7-1 TRBV7-1*01 P (17) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 137181-137695
TRBV7TRBV7-1 TRBV7-1*02 P (17) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 137062-137576
TRBV7TRBV7-2 TRBV7-2*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 161281-161810 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 161159-161682
TRBV7TRBV7-3 TRBV7-3*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 193005-193504
TRBV7TRBV7-3 TRBV7-3*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 192862-193353
TRBV7TRBV7-4 TRBV7-4*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 259973-260485 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 267649-268161
TRBV7TRBV7-5 TRBV7-5*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 279495-280004
TRBV7TRBV7-5 TRBV7-5*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 287151-287660
TRBV7TRBV7-6 TRBV7-6*01 P (18) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 298482-298995
TRBV7TRBV7-6 TRBV7-6*02 P (18) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 306137-306650
TRBV7TRBV7-6-1 TRBV7-6-1*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 316537-317057
TRBV7TRBV7-6-1 TRBV7-6-1*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 324188-324710
TRBV7TRBV7-6-2 TRBV7-6-2*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 335986-336484
TRBV7TRBV7-6-2 TRBV7-6-2*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 343648-344146
TRBV7TRBV7-7 TRBV7-7*01 ORF (19) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 356295-356815
TRBV7TRBV7-7 TRBV7-7*02 ORF (19) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 363953-364473
TRBV7TRBV7-8 TRBV7-8*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 373480-373995
TRBV7TRBV7-8 TRBV7-8*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 381132-381645
TRBV8TRBV8-1 TRBV8-1*01 P (20) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 167042-167320 *
TRBV8TRBV8-1 TRBV8-1*02 P (20) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 166811-167227
TRBV8TRBV8-2 TRBV8-2*01 P (21) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 194801-195301 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 194648-195148
TRBV9TRBV9 TRBV9*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 201066-201579
TRBV9TRBV9 TRBV9*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 200915-201428
TRBV10TRBV10-1 TRBV10-1*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 210220-210706
TRBV10TRBV10-1 TRBV10-1*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 210072-210558
TRBV10TRBV10-2 TRBV10-2*01 ORF (22) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 228893-229381 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 236559-237047
TRBV10TRBV10-3 TRBV10-3*01 ORF (23) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 388158-388646
TRBV10TRBV10-3 TRBV10-3*02 ORF (23) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 395884-396372
TRBV11TRBV11-1 TRBV11-1*01 P (24) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 214624-214704 *
TRBV11TRBV11-1 TRBV11-1*02 P (25) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 219117-219603
TRBV11TRBV11-2 TRBV11-2*01 ORF (26) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 238683-239162 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 246349-246828
TRBV11TRBV11-3 TRBV11-3*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 405213-405689 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 412941-413417
TRBV12TRBV12-1 TRBV12-1*01 P (27) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 219063-219544
TRBV12TRBV12-1 TRBV12-1*02 P (27) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 226728-227209
TRBV12TRBV12-2 TRBV12-2*01 ORF (28) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 245590-246072
TRBV12TRBV12-2 TRBV12-2*02 ORF (28) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 253256-253738
TRBV12TRBV12-3 TRBV12-3*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 410785-411270 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 418513-418998
TRBV12TRBV12-4 TRBV12-4*01 ORF (29) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 414004-414487 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 421732-422215
TRBV12TRBV12-5 TRBV12-5*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 417285-417770 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 425013-425498
TRBV12TRBV12-6 TRBV12-6*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 420589-421074 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 428317-428802
TRBV12TRBV12-7 TRBV12-7*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 436410-436895 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 444138-444623
TRBV13TRBV13 TRBV13*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 380007-380529 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 387661-388183
TRBV14TRBV14 TRBV14*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 443356-443827 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 451084-451555
TRBV15TRBV15 TRBV15*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 448408-448915 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 456137-456644
TRBV16TRBV16 TRBV16*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 453410-453902
TRBV16TRBV16 TRBV16*02 ORF (30) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 461139-461631
TRBV17TRBV17 TRBV17*01 P (31) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 457046-457829 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 464778-465560
TRBV18TRBV18 TRBV18*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 471331-471988
TRBV18TRBV18 TRBV18*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 479003-479660
TRBV19TRBV19 TRBV19*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 474602-475121
TRBV19TRBV19 TRBV19*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 482263-482782
TRBV20TRBV20 TRBV20*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 482252-482955
TRBV20TRBV20 TRBV20*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 489912-490615
TRBV21TRBV21 TRBV21*01 P (32) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 492415-492906 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 500094-500585
TRBV22TRBV22 TRBV22*01 P (33) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 497232-497721 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 504911-505400
TRBV23TRBV23 TRBV23*01 P (34) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 501400-501925 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 509079-509604
TRBV24TRBV24 TRBV24*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 512146-512661 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 519825-520340
TRBV25TRBV25 TRBV25*01 ORF (35) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 526198-526704
TRBV25TRBV25 TRBV25*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 533878-534384
TRBV26TRBV26 TRBV26*01 P (36) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 550692-551215
TRBV26TRBV26 TRBV26*02 P (37) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 558456-558963
TRBV27TRBV27 TRBV27*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 576178-576689
TRBV27TRBV27 TRBV27*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 577864-578375
TRBV28TRBV28 TRBV28*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 581509-582027 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 583209-583727
TRBV29TRBV29 TRBV29*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 607198-607858
TRBV29TRBV29 TRBV29*02 F 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 610043-610703
TRBV30TRBV30 TRBV30*01 F 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP complement(710814-711556) AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] complement(713902-714644)
TRBVATRBVA TRBVA*01 P (38) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 536488-536982 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] 544241-544735
TRBVBTRBVB TRBVB*01 P (39) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP 572176-572755
TRBVBTRBVB TRBVB*02 P (39) 6 AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] MAP 573859-574439
TRBVCTRBVC TRBVC*01 P (40) 6 AG05252 BK075126✤ [1] MAP complement(577701-577789) * AG05252 BK075127✤ [1] complement(579387-579475) *

✤ : NCBI accession number that correspond to a previously internal IMGT accession number. See the correspondence table.

IMGT notes: ↑
  1. STOP-CODON in L-PART1, frameshift in L-PART1: deletion of 8 nt
  2. frameshift in L-PART1, no INIT-CODON:Leu instead of Met
  3. frameshift in L-PART1
  4. frameshift in L-PART1: insertion of 1 nt, frameshifts in V-REGION: insertion of 1 nt and deletion of 1 nt in FR3-IMGT
  5. STOP-CODON at position 108 (last 3' codon of germline V-REGION) may disappear during rearrangements
  6. no CONSERVED-TRP: STOP-CODON instead of Trp, frameshift in V-REGION: deletion of 1 nt in FR3-IMGT
  7. no INIT-CODON: Arg instead of Met, STOP-CODON in V-REGION: position 48
  8. frameshift in V-REGION: deletion of 2 nt in FR3-IMGT
  9. no INIT-CODON: Thr instead of Met, several STOP-CODON in V-REGION, frameshifts in V-REGION: deletion of 11 nt and deletion of 1 nt in FR3-IMGT
  10. noncanonical V-NONAMER:gcactaatc instead of acacaaacc
  11. STOP-CODON in V-REGION: position 57
  12. noncanonical V-NONAMER:acataaaag instead of acacaaacc
  13. noncanonical V-NONAMER:acataaaga instead of acacaaacc
  14. STOP-CODON in V-REGION: position 44
  15. no CONSERVED-TRP: STOP-CODON instead of Trp
  16. STOP-CODON in V-REGION: position 92
  17. STOP-CODON in V-REGION: position 43
  18. several STOP-CODON in V-REGION, frameshift in V-REGION: deletion of 1 nt in FR3-IMGT
  19. noncanonical V-HEPTAMER:cacaacg instead of cacagtg
  20. no L-PART1, several STOP-CODON in V-REGION, frameshift in V-REGION: deletion of 2 nt in FR3-IMGT
  21. frameshifts in V-REGION: several insertions and deletions
  22. noncanonical V-NONAMER:aagtaaagg instead of acacaaacc
  23. noncanonical V-NONAMER:acgtaaacg instead of acacaaacc
  24. no V-RS, frameshifts in V-REGION: several insertions and deletions
  25. STOP-CODON in V-REGION: position 82
  26. noncanonical DONOR-SPLICE: nat instead of ngt
  27. STOP-CODON in V-REGION: position 79
  28. noncanonical V-NONAMER:gcagaaact instead of acacaaacc
  29. noncanonical ACCEPTOR-SPLICE: natnn instead of nagnn
  30. no CONSERVED-TRP: Arg instead of Trp
  31. frameshift in L-PART1: deletion of 1 nt
  32. frameshift in L-PART1: deletion of 4 nt
  33. no 1st-CYS: STOP-CODON instead of Cys, frameshift in V-REGION: deletion of 1 nt in FR1-IMGT
  34. no INIT-CODON: Thr instead of Met
  35. no 2nd-CYS: Tyr instead of Cys
  36. STOP-CODON in V-REGION: position 25, frameshift in V-REGION: insertion of 16 nt in FR2-IMGT
  37. STOP-CODON in V-REGION: position 25
  38. frameshift in L-PART1: deletion of 1 nt, no INIT-CODON: His instead of Met, frameshifts in V-REGION: several insertions and deletions
  39. no INIT-CODON: Lys instead of Met, frameshifts in V-REGION: several insertions and deletions
  40. no L-PART1, no L-PART2, frameshifts in V-REGION: several insertions and deletions
  41. no INIT-CODON: Ile instead of Met
IMGT references: ↑
  1. Manso T. et al., IMGT(R) databases, related tools and web resources through three main axes of research and development, Nucleic Acids Res, vol. 50, no. D1, 2022, pp. 1262-1272. PUBMED: 34875068